Uniform Crime Report Essay Example for Free

Uniform Crime Report Essay A Uniform Crime Report is a data series published by the Federal Bureau of Investigation that has been collected since 1930 and has been widely used by criminal justice researchers to collect data on crime. (Maxfield Babbie, 2012) Law enforcement agencies provide the crime data to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and then the reports are compiled and created. The Uniform Crime Report does not count all crimes that are reported to the police. Part I offenses such as murders and non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny theft, and motor vehicle theft are all counted in the Uniform Crime Report. (Maxfield Babbie, 2012) There are a large number of crimes that are not measured in the Uniform Crime Report because they are considered to be Part II crimes. Part II crimes consist of shoplifting, drug sale or use, fraud, prostitution, simple assault, vandalism, receiving stolen property, and other non-traffic offenses. (Maxfield Babbie, 2012) Part II crimes are counted on the Uniform Crime Reports only if that person has been arrested and charged with a crime. These crimes do represent a large number of offenses that occur across the United States. And since they are only reported if a person has been arrested and charged with a crime, this does create some measurement errors in the Uniform Crime Report. In the 1920’s, the International Association of Chiefs of Police formed the Committee on Uniform Crime Reports. (Atlas, 2011) This committee wanted to establish a system of uniform police crime statistics. This committee evaluated various crimes based on how serious the crime is and how frequent that crime occurred as well as the likelihood of it being reported to law enforcement in all areas of the country. (Atlas, 2011) After the studies and evaluations were completed in each state, the Committee completed a plan for crime reporting that became the foundation of the Uniform Crime Report Program in 1929. (Atlas, 2011) Every month, law enforcement agencies across the United States submit results on the amount of Part I index offenses to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The index offenses consists of criminal homicide: the willful non-negligent killing of one human being by another or a death caused by negligence, attempted killings, and suicides; Forcible rape: the knowledge of raping a female forcibly and against her will and attempts or assaults excluding statutory offenses; Robbery: The taking or attempting to take anything of value from the custody or control of a person or persons by force or threat of force; Aggravated assault: an unlawful attack by one person upon another for the purpose of inflicting severe or aggravated bodily injury with the use of a weapon; Burglary: The unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or a theft; Larceny theft: the unlawful taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property from the possession or constructive possession of another such as bicycles, shoplifting, and pocket-picking; Motor vehicle theft: the theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle; Arson: any willful or malicious burning or attempt to burn, with or without intent to defraud a house, public building or any other personal property of another. (Atlas, 2011) Arson was not included in the Part I crime index’s originally when the Committee first formed the Uniform Crime Report. It was later added in 1979 to be included on the Uniform Crime Report. Before looking into the Uniform Crime Report statistics, violent crime in Illinois seems to have been on the rise especially the major metropolitan areas like Chicago. Just based on the news reports and changes in the communities that I have seen over the years has led me to believe that violent crime has increased tremendously. But after looking into the statistics more and reviewing the Uniform Crime Reports for the state Illinois I was able to really determine how violent crime was measured and recorded in Illinois. I will be reviewing violent crimes consisting of murder and non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery and aggravated assault from the years of 2006 through 2010. I have included a table showing the crime reporting statistics for the state of Illinois from 2006 through 2010. Table 1, State of Illinois The statistics that appear in table 1 from the Uniform Crime Report show that in the categories of aggravated assault, robbery, forcible rape, and murder and non-negligent homicide, the number of violent crimes overall has decreased or stayed approximately the same from the years 2006 through 2010. Aggravated assaults in the years 2006 and 2010 had noticeably dropped while robberies stayed approximately the same throughout the five years with the biggest drop in the years 2006 and 2010 as well. Aggravated assaults in 2006 were reported at 40,858 and 32,042 in 2010. Forcible rape also stayed consistent during the five years with the exception of years 2006 and 2010. In 2006, forcible rape was reported at 4,078 and 3,033 in 2010. Murders and non-negligent homicides were surprisingly reported approximately about the same from 2006 through 2010. That category also had the biggest change in the year 2006 and 2010. Overall, the crimes reported show that crime has had its biggest decrease in the year 2010 in all four crime index categories. There isn’t a significant amount of differences amongst the numbers reported for violent crimes, but there still shows some improvement from the years 2006 through 2010. When looking at other states violent crime statistics between the years of 2006 through 2010 in comparison to Illinois, I reviewed Michigan, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. These three states were similar to Illinois in population. Violent crime trends in Illinois did not mirror these states at all. Tables 2, 3 and 4 show the crime rates between Michigan, Ohio, and Pennsylvania between the years of 2006 through 2010. Table 2, State of Michigan Table 3, State of Ohio Table 4, State of Pennsylvania Although the Uniform Crime Report numbers for these states above are very different from one another, there were some noticeable changes within all four states. While Michigan and Illinois had similar aggravated assaults, Ohio had a significant amount that was less. The biggest difference is shown in the year 2006 where Illinois had 40,858 aggravated assaults, and Ohio only had 15,973. Forcible rapes were pretty consistent in decreases in the four states, but Ohio had the highest reduction from 2006 through 2010. Robberies is also an area where the statistics reported were shown to have decreased consistently in all four states throughout the same years. This was a major similarity between the four states with Illinois reporting the highest robbery crimes amongst Michigan, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. The last crime offense what was looked at was murder and non-negligent homicide. This is another area where it showed a consistent decrease amongst all four states with Ohio having the lowes t amount of murders and non-negligent homicides reported in the year 2010 compared to the other states. Most of the areas in each state showed trends of a consistent pattern even though the numbers reported and shown were different from year to year. Overall, there is a pattern that shows in all four states that violent crimes appear to be decreasing starting from the year 2006 through 2010 which is good. There were some discrepancies that were reported with the forcible rape offenses in the state of Illinois. According to the Uniform Crime Report in the year 2006, Illinois data include arrests made for rapes of male victims. Therefore, Illinois figures for forcible rape include only forcible rape offenses from Rockford, Illinois that had female victims. (Justice, 2007) In other words, Rockford, Illinois is the only part of the state that is submitting data for female victims of forcible rapes whereas the remaining area is not. Therefore the national Uniform Crime Report did not include all of the arrest data. There are other crimes that are not reported in the Uniform Crime Report suc h as drug sale or use, vandalism, simple assault, prostitution, and all other non-traffic offenses. Because of this, a large number of crimes reported are not measured in the Uniform Crime Report. (Maxfield Babbie, 2012) The hierarchy rule is also another measurement error in the Uniform Crime Report that is used by police agencies and the Federal Bureau of Investigation to classify crimes. Under the hierarchy rule, if multiple crimes are committed in a single incident, only the most serious is counted in the Uniform Crime Report. (Maxfield Babbie, 2012) This is what was seen in the crime statistics for Illinois. According to the Uniform Crime Report for Illinois, valid counts for murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault were available only for agencies in cities 100,000 and over in population. (Justice, 2007) The only available data generated by the Illinois State Program were totals based upon an incident-level system without indication of multiple offenses recorded within single incidents. (Justice, 2007) Therefore, the Uniform Crime Report hierarchy rule could not be applied in order to convert the state’s data to Summary format. (Justice, 2007) To arrive at a comparable state estimate to be included in national compilations, the Illinois State Program’s totals were reduced by the proportion of multiple offenses reported within single incidents in the National Incident-Based Reporting System database. Data for cities 100,000 and over in population were excluded from the reduction process. (Justice, 2007) Even though there are many measurement errors in the Uniform Crime Report, I still believe that the report is very useful throughout the United States. It gives an estimated figure on violent and property crimes from state to state. This is important because based on the measures of accurately assessing these crimes, more tactical ways to minimize crime amongst police agencies can be developed based on what is being reported in the Uniform Crime Report. We all want our communities to be as safe as possible and this is a great way to start along with monthly meetings about what is being reported in each area of the cities. Works Cited Atlas, N. (2011, January 26). Summary of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program. Retrieved October 5, 2012, from Summary of the Uniform Crime Reporting Program: http://www.nationalatlas.gov/articles/people/a_crimereport.html Justice, U. S. (2007, September 1). Federal Bureau of Investigation. Retrieved 10 05, 2012, from Crime in the United States: http://www2.fbi.gov/ucr/cius2006/data/table_05_dd.html Maxfield, M. G., Babbie, E. R. (2012). Basics of Research Methods. In M. G. Maxfield, E. R. Babbie, Basics of Research Methods (p. 90). Belmont: Cenveo Publisher Services.

Descartes Skeptical Argument And Reponses By Bouwsma And Malcolm Essay

Descartes' Skeptical Argument and Reponses by Bouwsma and Malcolm In this essay, I will examine Rene Descartes' skeptical argument and responses by O.K. Bouwsma and Norman Malcolm. I intend to prove that while both Bouwsma and Malcolm make points that refute specific parts of Descartes' argument in their criticisms, neither is sufficient in itself to refute the whole. In order to understand Descartes' argument and its sometimes radical ideas, one must have at least a general idea of his motives in undertaking the argument. The seventeenth century was a time of great scientific progress, and the blossoming scientific community was concerned with setting up a consistent standard to define what constituted science. Their science was based on conjunction and empirical affirmation, ideally without any preconceived notions to taint the results. Descartes, however, believed that the senses were unreliable and that science based solely on information gained from the senses was uncertain. He was concerned with finding a point of certainty on which to base scientific thought. Eventually he settled on mathematics as a basis for science, because he believed mathematics and geometry to be based on some inherent truths. He believed that it was through mathematics that we were able to make sense of our world, and that the ability to think mathematically was an innate ability of all human beings. This theory becomes important in Descartes' Meditations because he is forced to explain where the mathematical ideas that he believed we were born with came from. Having discussed Descartes' background, I will now explain the specifics of his argument. The basis of Descartes' entire argument is that the senses can not be trusted, and his objective is to reach a point of certainty, one undeniable truth that fixes our existence. He said it best in his own words, "I will . . . apply myself earnestly and openly to the general destruction of my former opinions."1 By opinions he meant all the facts and notions about the world which he had previously held as truths. Any point which had even the slightest hint of doubt was discarded and considered completely false. Descartes decided that he would consider all things until he found that either nothing is certain, which is itself a point of certainty, or he reached the one undeniable truth he was searching for. In order to accom... ...admirable case for the validity of the senses, but upon careful examination he says very much the same thing as Bouwsma. Namely, that the senses are real to us. Bouwsma came to this point by examining the idea of the evil genius and the idea of "illusions". Malcolm came to it through examining the differences between fact, belief and sensory information. Despite the differences in how they discovered it, they both came to the same conclusion. The point is valid and their reasoning is sound, but it does not prove that Descartes is wrong. The strength of the skeptical argument lies in the fact that it can not be completely disproved. No one can prove or disprove the existence of an evil genius, they can only go so far as to say that it does not matter. This is essentially what Bouwsma and Malcolm have done. They tried to prove that the existence of the evil genius would not make a difference in our lives. For this reason, I believe that although Bouwsma and Malcolm have made a valid point, they have only touched the surface of Descartes' argument. They have succeeded in proving that life is not meaningless, but that was not the purpose of Descartes' argument to begin with.

Rivalry Between Friends

In the play, A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare, the theme of opposites plays a prominent role. Shakespeare explores several relationships in this play, but the most intriguing is the relationship between Hermia and Helena. Specifically, Shakespeare calls the reader’s attention to the relationship between Hermia and Helena and their distinct differences. It is because of these differences that Hermia and Helena develop a mutual respect and admiration for one another, though in the beginning of the play, the girls have a much rockier relationship. At first glance, these two girls do not seem to be all that different, but as the play progresses, the reader realizes that a relationship of rivalry and jealousy exists. Hermia and Helena are both portrayed as beautiful young women. Helena is in love with a man named Demetrius, who happens to be her ex-boyfriend. Demetrius, however, does not return Helena’s affections, but attempts to woo Hermia. Hermia is not interested in Demetrius’ attempts to win her heart, as she is deeply in love with Lysander. It is within this love triangle that Hermia and Helena’s relationship exists in the form of a rivalry. By the end of the play, a noticeable change in Helena has occurred, and it is obvious that she As the play begins, the reader is thrust into this love affair between Hermia, Demetrius, Helena, and Lysander. Hermia’s father, Egeus, has forbidden her relationship with Lysander, forcing the two lovers to concoct a plan to elope together. In this scene, the reader senses through her actions that Hermia is sure of both herself and her impeding elopement to Lysander. Hermia appears to be completely content with the man who loves her, and very secure in her own skin. Hermia confesses her plans to elope to her friend, Helena, who tells Demetrius of the plan in order to gain favor in his eyes. Helena, too, appears to be confident in her appearance and intelligence. Although she is confused by Demetrius’ obvious disinterest in her, Helena make is very clear to the reader that she thinks very highly of herself. This attitude is apparent when Helena says, â€Å"Through Athens I am thought as fair as she† (Act 1, Scene 1, Line 227). Although Helena appears to be overconfident in herself, she also has a side of her that is very insecure with herself, and envious of Hermia and the attention that Demetrius showers on her. Although Helena has made it clear that she is just a beautiful as Hermia, Helena believes that Demetrius is only in love with Hermia because of her beauty. It is apparent that Helena believes that she has more than just beauty to offer Demetrius when she says, â€Å"Love looks not with the eyes, but with the mind† (Act 1, Scene 2, Line 134). A short while later, Puck, the right hand to the Fairy King, Oberon, attempts to give Helena her precious Demetrius. The plan, however, backfires, and it is Lysander who is made to woo Helena. When Lysander approaches Helena and tells her of his newfound feelings for her, she doesn’t believe him and thinks that it is a joke. Helena yells at Lysander because she thinks that he is making a fool of her. â€Å"Wherefore was I to this keen mockery born? When at your hands did I deserve this scorn?† (Act 2, Scene 2, Line 129-130).   This contradicts Helena’s earlier feeling of being just as attractive as Hermia, and just as deserving of those things that she has. While Lysander is pursuing Helena, Hermia awakens to find her love missing. The reader is again shown how confident and secure Hermia is when she worries that Lysander has been killed. The thought of Lysander being unfaithful to her never enters Hermia’s mind, and she assumes the worst when he is not there when she wakes. At the end of the play we see Helena and Demetrius are together, thanks to the correction of Lysander’s assisted feelings for Helena. Helena seems to have accepted Demetrius’ affection, whether real or not, and decides to be with him. This shows that, contrary to previous actions, Helena is starting to believe that Demetrius’ feelings are true. Whereas earlier in the play she was running away from Demetrius, sure that he was mocking her in his attempts to woo her, now she is marrying him and committing her life to being with him. This marriage and Demetrius’ sudden change of heart also calm Helena’s jealousy for Hermia. Originally, Demetrius had left Helena to woo Hermia, and now in Helena’s mind, order has been restored by Demetrius’ return to her. At the end of the play we see a more secure character and obviously a much happier Helena. In the play, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, every character goes through an evolution and by the end of the play, everyone is wiser for the experiences they endured. In the beginning of the play, we see Helena as an overconfident and jealous girl who is desperately chasing after the man she loves. Hermia is a more stable, self-assured character, completely confident in her relationship with Lysander. As the play wears on, Helena becomes extremely insecure and suddenly unsure of herself, whereas the reader never sees Hermia falter. Hermia runs away from the man that she had been chasing after for so long, and questions his affection for her. In the end, all’s well that ends well for Helena. She accepts Demetrius’ love and affection by marrying him, which creates more security for Helena, and gives her a sense of order restored in her life. Throughout the play, the reader sees Helena mature from an outwardly cocky, but yet inwardly insecure young woman into a self-assured and confident woman. Works Cited Shakespeare, William. A Midsummer Night's Dream. New York, NY: Bantam Books, 1980.         

Economic Growth and Market Dynamics - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1971 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Introduction When an economy increases its ability and the capacity to produce goods and services, it is said to be growing. Economic growth is the ability of an economy to raise the output regarding goods and services. It is determined when the comparison is made between different periods of time. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Economic Growth and Market Dynamics" essay for you Create order Its measurement is regarding nominal or real terms with the latter referring to inflation. Combined economic growth is conventionally measured regarding GNP (Gross National Product). However, this is not the only measure of economic growth. Sometimes, alternative metrics are used. Market dynamics refer to the valuing indications molded from the changes in the supply and demand levels in a particular market. It is involved in the description of the price changes that are as result of the continuous changes in the demand and the supply of a particular product or an aggregate of goods. Breakdown of market dynamics A change in either supply or demand of particular product results to a change in the other which has an impact on price signals. The determinant of the price of a good or service is the market. This is particularly when there is no single entity which has an influence on the market. Changes in the market are attempted to be explained using the economic model by making use of the available relevant variables. However, it is not all the variables that can be quantified. A different sort of market changes is created by human emotions in a financial market. This is due to the existence of professionals in who are known to make rational decisions versus the existence of other market participants with little knowledge about the market. Breakdown of Economic Growth The rise in aggregate productivity which is also known as economic growth correlates with the increase in marginal productivity. It brings about a case where an average worker in a given economy on average raises his productivity. Sometimes, economic growth is possible without the individual rise in the marginal productivity via the increase of birth rates as well as increased immigration into a free economy. For an economy to be said to be growing, it tends to provide more goods and service than before. However, the measure of growth should be regarding quality and not just quantity. This because despite the increased production, some commodities are more valuable than the others. For example, computers are more expensive than pillow cases. Economic growth deals with numerous problems with the first one being the subjective nature of the value of products. This means that different individuals place different value on different products. For example, a heater is more valuable to the people living in the tundra and arctic regions than those in the equatorial regions. The best measure is, therefore, the current market value. For example in the United Kingdom, it’s measured regarding sterling pounds. A higher aggregate produced market value is considered much more valuable. Higher economic growth is also associated with a better quality of life and the standards of living. Economic growth is generated in a few ways. This can be through the discovery of better economic resources. For example, the discovery of crude oil before its ability to produce power which means that the resource can be translated to a cheap source of power for the countries’ firms. It can also be through the generation of more skilled labor which is translated to higher productivity. Another way to generate economic growth is through the discovery of better technology. In a nutshell, the rate of mechanical development depends on the degree of savings and investment since they are necessary for venturing into research and development. The last method of generation of economic growth is through increased specialization. Workers incline more towards their areas of expertise which is translated to increased productivity. GDP and how it is measured The value of economic activity within a nation is measured using the GDP. It also refers to the total value or the prices of the final products (goods and services) produced within an economy within a specified period. GDP, however, has three critical definitions with notable distinctions. Firstly, the expression of the worth of a country in the local currency is a definition of GDP. Secondly, it tries to capture the final products of a particular country as long as they are produced within the borders of the same state. This ensures that the sum of the total value of the products is represented within the GDP. Third, gross domestic products are calculated within a specified duration which may be annual, quarterly among others. Computation of GDP Calculation of GDP can be hectic since it relies on the total monetary value of all goods within an economy. Acquiring these values for specific product require strict exploration of the market for a specified period. This brings about a critical output that is equally important when broken down to large constituent values. A standard set of classes is utilized by the macro economists to break down the economy into its constituents. This creates an instance where GDP is calculated as the sum of the consumers’ expenditure, investment, government buying and net exports as shown in the equation. Y = C + I + G + NX In the equation, every section of the state economy is captured by Y. the value also represents GDP as well as the income of the state. This occurs because the change of ownership of money from one person to another represents expenditure for one party and income for the other party. Since all these values are captured and represented by Y, it is then said to represent the net economy (the entire economy) Validity of using GDP as a measure of economic output The unusual expansion of the economy for the last 50 years was a success in term of GDP where the general economy of the world has grown for around six times and the per capita income on average has tripled. But what about the impact on the ecology due to sustained high economic growth? What about the concern for growth in the developed world about the festering media earnings and widening disparity? There is almost a global agreement that growth and prosperity cannot be correctly measured using GDP. GDP may be anachronistic and misleading. It may fail entirely to capture the complex trade- offs between present and future, work and leisure, ‘good growth’ and ‘bad growth. Its great virtue, however, remains that it is a single, concrete number. For the time being, we may be stuck with it.† As stated in the financial times. GDP has not even kept pace with the dynamic nature of economic activities. The design of GDP is in measuring the physical production of commodities and services in the market economy; it is not well suited to account for the private and the public sector services that have no products that can easily be measured with ease by counting some components produced. It’s also not involved in the assessment of improvements regarding the quality and the diversity of goods and services or the estimation of environmental degradation and resources depletion as a result of the production process. Also, transformative dynamics in tech is not easily evaluated using GDP because the consumers enjoy much of the benefit. Therefore, as GDP is used in the definition of the report, there should be an improvement of the GDP accounts which helps in the definition of new metrics of importance which would create a more firm image of well-being. How the consumer price index and GDP work together to measure price index changes from year to year GDP is a representation of the total value of all the goods and services that are produced within a specific duration. The consumer price index measures represent the goods and services that people are buying which are annotated as a theoretical basket of goods and services. All these goods that the people buy are then averaged and weighed against each other depending on their importance to the households. CPI is an indication of what the economy is experiencing in terms of deflation, inflation, or stagflation. CPI and GDP thus have a close relationship though a few differences exist between them. The constant rise in the prices of certain goods is referred to as inflation. It is calculated using the CPI. Central CPI is used by most economists as a measure of inflation because food stuff is excluded since they have a more unstable valuation. Most people are always in need of economic growth but not fast growth. If there is a too fast growth, then inflation grows at the same speed whi ch is translated to a high cost of living as reported through CPI. This makes it hard for people to cope up with. It is then hard for the people to afford the new prices of the goods because the rate at which the people receive their income and the rate at which the income increases is slower than inflation. The rise in CPI is translated to a rise in wages because CPI is used in income adjustment. These adjustments in taxes, retirement benefits, and wages are done by the BLS. The government is, however, slower than the markets. Then if the growth of GDP is rapid, it is difficult for the government to make all the necessary adjustments essential for the citizens to have a good life due to the rapid rise in the cost of living. Both GDP and CPI are very crucial in the economy and tend to affect each other. The negative impact of GDP and CPI on each other can only be avoided through study flow of the economy. Importance of business cycle relating to labor market and economic activity The changes in unemployment can be analyzed using Lucas and Rapping’s theory of intertemporal substitution in the supply of labor. The real Keynesian model and the actual business model can also be analyzed via the use of the same theory. The main assumption is that laborers make a decision regarding how much they will work at every juncture and taking the wages as given at that time. The time that work is done keeps on changing as payments move creating an extent that the supply of labor becomes elastic. The business cycle is of importance to both the employer and the unemployed. The employers determine the best time to employ more workers and also recruitment. In the business recession, when the rate of unemployment goes up, there is a decrease on the side of the market. When the market is down, the employer does not create the entrance rate of employment to maintain the maximum profit in the market. The unemployment and job seeking rates affect the wages paid to the workers. When the business and the profits of the firms get back to normal, there is the creation of job vacancies. This leads to decrease in the unemployment, and hence it becomes hard to find workers. Due to low supply of the employees in the market, the unemployed can bargain the wage to be more than when the unemployment is high. On the side of the workers who do not match wishes that the wages should be lowered so that the job creation could increase. Formula for a key labor market indicator Key labor market indicator that is used to measure the labor force participation is given by the formula below. RL = CL/CP Where RL is the rate labor force participation, CL is the number of the people in the civilian labor force and CP is the total population of the civilian who are from 16 years old and above. This indicator can be broken down into groups depending on the age and the rate is given in percentage of each group.

My Visit to an Alcoholics Anonymous Meeting - 2384 Words

On February 27, 2014, I visited an Alcohol Anonymous (A.A) therapeutic group meeting called Another Chance. Another Chance is an intergroup meeting located inside the Concord Baptist Church of Christ, at 833 Gardner C. Taylor Boulevard, Brooklyn, NY 11216. Another Chance has been in operation for over thirty years, and holds open discussion meetings on alcohol use and prevention, every Thursday from six in the evening until seven o’clock. This group interaction with alcohol substance use and abuse focuses on helping all members regardless of race, ethnicity or culture, to abstain from drinking one day at a time; and encourages them to maintain healthy thoughts and emotions through the use of the â€Å"Twelve Steps and Traditions† of recovery†¦show more content†¦Alcoholism is considered a major health issue by many resources. It is seen as an illness by the American Medical Association and the British Medical Association. Alcoholics are unable to control their drinking habits because they are ill within their minds and bodies. Within the United States, it is recognized as the third greatest substance use killer, following heart disease and cancer as noted by various sources. It not only hurts substance users, but can have significant effects on their families and their jobs. There is a multitude of knowledge on how to identify and arrest alcoholism, but there is no known prevention for it. Therefore, Alcohol Anonymous (A.A) was developed to help sufferers of alcohol abstain from drinking and learn positive ways to live life without the use of alcohol. Each individual is different; therefore, not all will have the same symptoms. Some symptoms include but are not limited to drinking at school or at work, sneaking drinks, drinking early in the mornings and over drinking at events. The goal of A.A at Another Chance is to encourage their members to avoid drinking or causes that can lead to drinking, which is by taking one day at a time. As men tioned, for members to stay sober they need to maintain healthy thoughts and emotions, of which they can attain by following the twelve steps to recovery. There are no set groupShow MoreRelated Alcoholics Anonymous Essay1487 Words   |  6 PagesAlcoholics Anonymous When I saw the Alcoholics Anonymous assignment on our syllabus earlier this semester I thought, Oh my god, I have to go to some stupid AA meeting. In the weeks prior to attending the meeting, I was very nervous about attending it because I did not know what to expect. Some of the questions going through my mind were: Was everyone expected to talk at the meeting? and Was I going to be criticized as the outsider wanting to know what AA was all about? Those wereRead MoreAn Anonymous Group For My Understanding Group Dynamics Project1492 Words   |  6 Pages I chose to visit an Alcoholics Anonymous group for my Understanding Group Dynamics project. I went on March 20th 2016, to an open discussion group titled Pass it On Group for Beginners that are Living Sober. It was held at the First Congregational Church at 14 Brookside Road in Darien, CT 06854 at 6:15 p.m.. I chose to go to this group as I felt it was a group that I could most strongly connect to, as I am a recovering alcoholi c. I have been cold turkey for two years now. I choose to live a soberRead MoreA Glimpse Inside Alcoholics Anonymous1662 Words   |  7 PagesGlimpse Inside Alcoholics Anonymous â€Å"Animated in the spirit of Jesus Christ, we value all individuals’ unique talents, respect their dignity, and strive to foster their commitment to excellence in our work. Our community’s strength depends on the unity and diversity of our people, on the free exchange of ideas, and on learning, living, and working harmoniously (Saint Leo University Core Values, Respect). Introduction. I decided I wanted to visit an Alcoholics Anonymous group meeting in my local areaRead MoreAlcoholism And Their Effects On Alcoholism Essay1326 Words   |  6 Pagesfamily unit. The Individual interviewed is a 21 year old Female. Interviewer: â€Å"It is my understanding that someone in your family has been struggling with alcoholism, is this correct?† Respondent: â€Å"Yes, My father has been effected by alcoholism since before I was born, and continues to struggle with it today.† Interviewer: â€Å"How would you describe your relationship with your father?† Respondent: â€Å" I love my father very much. He is a very kind and calm person. It takes a lot to anger him. I wouldRead MoreAn Open Discussion Meeting Of Alcoholic s Anonymous At Boone s Own Club 121280 Words   |  6 PagesI spent the early evening this past Friday at an open discussion meeting of Alcoholic’s Anonymous at Boone’s own Club 12 establishment. I attended this meeting as an able-bodied young woman capable of hearing and seeing the happenings around me. The pressing concern on my mind for the evening was to consider barriers I might experience if I were attending this meeting as a deaf person. I immediately became aware upon entering the building and taking seat at a round, conference-style table arrangementRead MoreAddiction And Recovery Assignment : An Alcoholics Anonymous Meeting1516 Words   |  7 PagesRecovery Assignment: Going To an Alcoholics Anonymous Meeting For this addiction assignment I attended meeting run by the oldest Alcoholics Anonymous group in Auburn, Maine. This group, the Auburn Serenity Group, was founded in 1959. I found this information on their page http://www.csoaamaine.org/groups/5/auburnserenity.htm when researching meeting information. I attended on Wednesday night (10/8/14) at St. Philips Church on Turner Road in Auburn. The meeting was chaired by a man named PaulRead MoreBook Analysis : The Big Book 1408 Words   |  6 Pagesstarted his own journey through alcoholism and became a founding member of A.A. The following chapters target the alcoholic in different areas of their life. Chapter two and three talk about how, through science, spirituality, and personal experience, the founding authors discovered the solution to their alcoholic illness and the ways they could beat it. Chapter four targets the alcoholic who may shy away from the religious or spiritual talk about â€Å"God† and how the program handles the idea of God orRead MoreAttending The Alcoholic Anonymous Meeting At Holy Trinity Orthodox Church On The North Side Of Chicago788 Words   |  4 Pages I chose to attend the Alcoholic Anonymous meeting at Holy Trinity Orthodox Church on the north side of Chicago. I chose to visit a church because I wanted to see if there was a religious aspect thrown into the session. The name of the session was called Big Book Stop Study. This session occurs every Monday at 7:00pm, as an open meeting. The meeting lasted for an hour. The session was led by three members, Kyle, Tamara, and Melissa. There was fourteen participants within the group. I was very apprehensiveRead MoreAlcoholics Anonymous By Bill Wilson2032 Words   |  9 PagesAlcoholics anonymous was founded in 1935 by a stock broker, Bill Wilson, and a surgeon, Robert Smith. Wilson being a recovering alcoholic had originally attended the Oxford Group, which was a Christian fellowship that based their teachings that all peo ple are sinners and all sinners can be changed. While Wilson later credited the Oxford Group for saving his life, he separated from them, and in his desperation to recover from his own alcoholism he decided to form a group where alcoholics could getRead MorePersonal Statement : Physical Emergency1473 Words   |  6 Pagestake me to Beaumont Dearborn. If I can, I will also call my dad and let him know that I am hurt/going to the hospital. If I cannot physically make the call, I will have someone else call him for me or I will try to text him. He is the family member I should try to contact first because he is most likely to have his phone on him, and he can spread the word to other family members and my boyfriend, Clay. If I cannot contact my dad, I will try my mom next. In the case that I cannot get ahold of her, I

The Patriot Act Is A Sweeping Piece Of Legislation

Abstract The Patriot Act is a sweeping piece of legislation. Created in the wake of 9/11; it remains controversial. Opinions on the necessity of the Act are intense and vary widely. A better understanding of its applicability, strengths, and weaknesses will aid future opinion and legislation. The Patriot Act affects all citizens, immigrants, and especially minority groups. Studies have been done on the racial profiling of Muslim Americans. The benefits of having The USA PATRIOT Act cannot be argued. However, oversight, transparency, and accountability are needed. Ensuring that agencies do not overstep or target minority groups should be addressed. Introduction The USA PATRIOT Act stands for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism. It was passed by Congress almost unanimously following the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 (H.R.3162 2001). The Act was not a compilation of new laws. Instead, it expanded on old laws that had already been passed (Highlights). It has remained controversial and has been accused of causing unfair treatment to ethnic minority groups. The areas targeted in the USA PATRIOT Act were meant to aid anti-terrorism and counter-terrorism efforts. This involved expanding the use of tools to investigate other crimes for terrorism. Legal barriers that hindered information sharing among agencies were removed. Laws were updated with new technology thatShow MoreRelatedPros And Cons Of The Patriot Act1354 Words   |  6 Pagesand Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act (USA PATRIOT Act) is one of the most controversial pieces of legislation to ever pass through the US Senate. Its critics use fear mongering tactics to scare people into opposition of an intrusive police state which they believe is inevitable given the government’s new powers. They consider the Act an assault on civil liberties and an invasion of the privacy of innocent American citizens. Yet theRead MoreThe Usa Patriot Act : An Act Of Political Upheaval3146 Words   |  13 PagesSean P. Cooper POLI 308 – US Presidency Newman 18 November 2014 THE USA PATRIOT ACT – An Act of Political Upheaval This paper will focus on the background, purpose, implementation, major criticisms, and current standing of the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act (hereafter referred to as the USA PATRIOT Act). The USA PATRIOT Act is currently one of the most controversial and divisive political doctrines that exist in modernRead MoreIndividual Privacy vs National Security5833 Words   |  24 Pagesapproach it must give to its people within previous rulings. Individual Privacy vs. National Security After 9/11 a set of laws was set in place to protect us from Terrorism and terrorist attacks and placed under a new governmental act called the Patriot Act. With the past occurrences of 9/11, with the airlines planes crashing into the twin towers in New York City, and the Pentagon, it was not hard to convince the public this action was not needed. The residing administration presented stacksRead MorePost 9/11 Intelligence Reform Impact and the Way Ahead3057 Words   |  13 Pagesof this magnitude never happened again. From the ashes of this despicable act came two major pieces of Intelligence reform. These documents were the 9/11 Commission Report and The Intelligence Reform Act and Terrorist Prevent Act of 2004 (IRTPA). Both documents worked to reform the Intelligence Community (IC), and streamline current processes to improve the sharing of intelligence information, and products. With the sweeping changes mainly through the ITPRA the Intelligence Community is well on itsRead MoreEssay on Period 3 Test7186 Words   |  29 Pagesinterference with American trade Questions 9-11 refer to the quotation below. â€Å"These colonies ought to regard the act with abhorrence. For who are a free people? Not those over whom government is reasonably and equitably exercised but those who live under a government, so constitutionally checked and controlled, that proper provision is made against its being otherwise exercised. The late act is founded on the destruction of constitutional security.†¦ In short, if they have a right to levy a tax of oneRead MoreChapter 1 Accounting Information Systems and the Accountant14769 Words   |  60 PagesRoss, Sells, and Young, LLP REFERENCES AND RECOMMENDED READINGS ANSWERS TO TEST YOURSELF WHAT’S NEW IN ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS? Suspicious Activity Reporting Countering Terrorism Corporate Scandals and Accounting The Sarbanes-Oxley and Patriot Acts ACCOUNTING AND IT Financial Accounting Managerial Accounting Auditing Taxation CAREERS IN ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS Traditional Accounting Systems Consulting Information Technology Auditing and Security After reading this chapter, you will:Read MoreImpacts of Information Technology on Individuals, Organizations and Societies21097 Words   |  85 Pagescommunity †¢ Decreases involvement in office politics †¢ Increases productivity despite distractions †¢ Reduces office space needed †¢ Increases labor pool and competitive advantage in recruitment †¢ Provides compliance with Americans with Disabilities Act †¢ Decreases employee turnover, absenteeism, and sick leave usage †¢ Improves job satisfaction and productivity †¢ Conserves energy and lessens dependence on foreign oil †¢ Preserves the environment by reducing traffic-related pollution and congestionRead MoreNational Security Outline Essay40741 Words   |  163 Pagesare already in place. Emerged mainly after WWI. 8. Deterrence and the maintenance of strategic balance. a. Direct focus on deterrence. 9. National measures for control of use of force and promotion of peace. a. War Powers Resolution, Neutrality Acts, etc. 1. Q Wright, wars arise because of the changing relations of numerous variables, technological, social, and intellectual. There is no single cause of war. Peace is an equilibrium among many forces. Change in any particular force, trendRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagespublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, website www.copyright.com. Requests to theRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 Pagesnumber of factors from increased media coverage to rising evidence of environmental problems such as the depletion of the ozone l ayer, acidification of rivers and forest degradation, global warming, the rise of pressure group activity, tougher legislation and major industrial disasters. Concern has moved from the local scale to a national and increasingly global scale. The rate of environmental degradation has intensified. The nineteenth century brought the first large scale pollution as companies

Marketing Plan of AirAsia-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Question: Discuss about the Marketing plan of AirAsia. Answer: Company Profile AirAsia Berhad is a low-cost Malaysian airline whose headquarter is near Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. This is one of the leading airlines in Malaysia by fleet size and the number of destinations. Air Asia Berhad was established in 1993 and begins its operations in 1996. The main base is at Kuala Lumpur International Airport, whereas the secondary hubs are located at Kota Kinabalu International Airport, Penang International Airport and Senai International Airport. It is a renowned low cost airline one of the major low fare, no frills airline. The slogan of Air Asia is Now Everyone Can Fly. The Air Asia additional subsidiaries are like Thai Air Asia, Indonesia Air Asia, Viet Jet Air Asia and Air Asia Red Tax. The company is currently serving at 165 destinations across 25 countries.AirAsia Berhad is an airlines organization that gives aircrafts benefits locally as well as globally. AirAsia is developing a huge customer market comprising of young, working grown-ups and middle-class income group (AirAsia Bhd (AIRA.KL). 2017). The distributions system of AirAsia's management service is done through its official site, www.airasia.com. An examination of internal and external situation of AirAsia shows critical qualities, its centred administration and its fundamental arrangement of action. For now their flaws are limited to administration assets due to ease, forced HR and in totalling its overpowering dependence on outsourcing (Jarach, 2017). Internal Environment Mission Statement The brand proclaims to become Asias leading low fare no frills airline. They introduced the concept of ticketless travelling. In coming time the company is planning to unveil more inducement plans to persuade more air travel among local. Organizational Structure The organization structure of AirAsia is huge as it includes AirAsia Indonesia, AirAsia India, AirAsia Cambodia, AirAsia Thailand etc. The main personnel associated with the brand are: CEO of AirAsia: Dr. Tony Fernandes. He carries out the entire operations of AirAsia. Deputy CEO and co-founder of AirAsia, KamarudinMeranun He is responsible for being concerned in the growth of the company and its other ventures. AirAsia Berhad (Malaysia) - Aireen Omar, CEO AirAsia Indonesia - Dendy Kurniawan, CEO Thai AirAsia - Tassapon Bijleveld, CEO Philippines AirAsia - Captain Dexter Comendador, CEO AirAsia India Amar Abrol, CEO AirAsia X Berhad (Malaysia) - Benyamin Ismail, CEO Thai AirAsia X - Nadda Buranasiri, CEO Indonesia AirAsia X Dendy Kurniawan, CEO (Organizational structure, 2017) Corporate Culture AirAsia in the recent time has developed a brand that is easy to get to by each person. One of the primary driving forces beneath their brand is exclusive and welcoming AirAsia experience. The favourable ethnicity is the reason behind easy ease of access in their operations including the management, guests experience, and ground and flight operations. This has helped in adding a great experience through its low cost flights. The customers are satisfied which is creating a positive impact in the mind of the people service. The brand has a primary focus to create a chain of loyal customers by providing them with effective services (Shuk-Ching Poon and Waring, 2010). External Environment Competitive Environment The company is facing multiple competitions from the other low cost airlines. The competition has increased in the recent time causing direct competitions. The other companies providing with low cost services in the recent time are: Firefly (Subsidiary of Malaysian Airlines) MAS (Malaysian Airlines) Malindo airlines The current issue the company is facing is in term of Indonesian culture. They do not favour travelling with a light and minimum baggage. This is causing a huge pressure over the company hence affecting the company on the technical ground. This has created opportunities for other airlines by adding value through a relatively higher cost (Lee and Carter, 2012). Pestle Analysis The airliner is facing problem due to its cheap flights. The fuel prices are increasing consistently creating an excess pressure on the company. Economic Environment In Malaysia, the industry is booming with an increase in the living standard. They are also improving utilization of technology and resources hence creating a favourable environment. Malaysia has more middle class society. Air Asias low cost concept is accepted due to the low fare strategy (Razak, Ilias, and Rahman, 2009). AirAsia for the reason has developed a hub in countries such as Thailand and Indonesia. By developing the hub they are able to utilize skilled labour forces at a cheaper rate. The economic environment includes introduction to AirAsia X. This Airline flies on long haul routes. The Developing economies have provided the company with an opportunity of gaining more market potential. This has also helped them in gaining recognition internationally. The AirAsias economic environment occupies a good economic infrastructure and has contributed in rapid growth by building a new hub for its aircrafts (Hooi and Smyth, 2006). Technological Environment AirAsia rely on technology for carrying out their business operations. The technology handling by AirAsia has helped in improving the business significantly. Most of the business is conducted through online ticket bookings. The customers can even check flight information from their online portal. This allows them to do online shopping and provides with an opportunity to book hotel rooms. They have also created a blog giving priceless insight about their company, cultures and much more. It facilitates customers to give their feedback, in spite of whether its encouraging or unconstructive. This helped the company in getting more information about AirAsia allowing improvement of its quality of services (Lee, 2014). Political and Legal Environment The Safety measures are one of the most important elements of an airline company. AirAsia has attained an Air Operator Certificate issued by the Civil Aviation Authorities. The pilots are well-trained and has obtained flying license from the Civil Aviation Authority. The Low Cost Carrier Terminal (LCCT), Berhad is regularly inspected for managing the operations as well as for maintenance purpose. They also make sure that everything is been managed efficiently out resourcefully by managing safety and security of passengers. The political and legal environment also looks after open skies agreement with neighbouring countries (Kumar and Bosangit, 2014). Socio-cultural Environment The socio-cultural environment includes many things. The demographic feature of AirAsia sees it interesting to an extensive range of income groups. The organization is not only targeting the medium income groups but also the low income segment. It is considered as one of the efficient airliner with an efficient flying experience corresponding to their income. They are providing with bountiful of opportunities by variety of accompaniments such as food and beverages, sleeping kit and so on. AirAsia is also paying awareness to the needs of people in Malaysia as well as its neighbouring countries. AirAsia has also conquered the obstruction of language through its website. Their official website lever all the booking and sales where they can choose language according to their convenience. At present, the Air Asias website provides options such as Thai, Tieng Viet (Vietnam language) as well as Bahasa Malaysia, Mandarin, Japanese, Indonesian Language, and English. Through its website the co mpany is providing with different options by placing multiple languages. It has made its website user-friendly and also advertises its services successfully. SWOT Analysis The SWOT analysis gives with summary of the strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats. This allow in assessing the challenges it faces in the internal and external environments. Strengths Below mentioned are the strengths of Air Asia: Low fee operation Low management level, effectual, purposeful and belligerent management Easy established business model throughout constant delivery of low fare break through and excite to potential markets Multi-skilled employees in the organization adding value to the organization (Kurniawan, 2010). Weakness The weakness of Air Asia is as follows: The Service supply is inadequate due to lower costs They have a limited human resources that is unable to handle uneven circumstances Government interfering and guideline on airport deals Non-central placement of secondary airports The Brand is essential for market position and budding issue Important dependence on outsourcing. There is a high level of competition with other low cost carriers Opportunities The different opportunities identified by Air Asia are as follows: Increase in the middle class population increasing the market opportunities. Providing with an optional services that allow passengers to get full service airline They have an opportunity to form an alliance with a low cost airline. Low cost provides with an upper hand regardless of high fuel prices Threats The threats identified by Air Asia are as follows: There are other Full service airlines who are selling tickets at a low price entry of low cost carrier causing an excess competition Users insight that low cost airline may give and take their safety features for managing low costs Accident, terrorist attack, and disaster are causing a threat to the company An increase in the operation cost is adding value System disorder is caused due to heavy dependence on online sales. Marketing consumer Behavior Their marketing strategy is to become the lowest cost short haul airline. The low cost airline continuously launches new routes to give a tough competition to other airliners. They want to introduce new plans, introduce more routes, and add frequencies. AirAsia has turned their low-cost carrier terminal at KL International Airport into their regional hub for the purpose of budget travel in order to achieve philosophy of Now Everyone Can Fly (Hamzah, 2004). Culture: The organization In order to achieve goal will guide its marketing activities by following different strategies. Their strategies are primarily focused on culture dynamics in the particular country. It is important to analyze their target, positioning, positioning etc strategy to provide with a vivid view about the company (Ong and Tan, 2010). Social: AirAsia has targeted the low-income consumers and has expanded their business avenues in other countries by targeting the middle-class group. Through this strategy they have continued target its existing customers while expanding its routes to more developing and developed countries (Nathan, Chiun and Suki, 2017). Consumer decision making: Position strategy and low pricing policy allow them with uniqueness over its competitors. AirAsia will persistently continue to position itself as low-cost airline by giving incentives through their loyalty programs. In this way the brand is able to attain recognition against other airlines services. Product Strategy The product strategy is related with maintenance of product. AirAsia has maintained itself as an efficient brand by providing services which are suitable to customers. They have eventually increased the flight frequency to maximize its profits. They are operating in almost all destinations that is providing with a competitive edge. Pricing Strategy The pricing strategy is based on low cost in order to organize the resources in the best and effective way. AirAsia maintains low fares to create affordability and exercises strategy for pay only for things that are utilized (Adapa and Roy, 2017). Promotion Strategy By generating effective promotional strategy the brand aims for generating positive customer feedback. They are giving away tickets for free through different deals hence attracting customer from different background. This is important for the business organization to form relations with hotel and everlasting promotional fares to attract more customers (Jafari and Vasili, 2006). Place Strategy The place strategy helps in managing the operations in the best possible way. AirAsia doesnt run the traditional mode of services placement. It has recently launched mobile facilities to facilitate efficient service model (Somwang, 2008). Marketing Objectives The marketing objectives of AirAsia Berhad are as follows: They want to be the lowest cost, short haul airline Want to launch new routes under AirAsia. Targeting Strategies of AirAsia The Target Market of AirAsia is its existing markets. The primary consumer market is as follows: Demographics Male and female young adults, working class and middle income group is the part of the target market The Age group is : 20-50 with a Household income of : MYR 45 000 Those who want to Travel in a budgeted aircraft Individual flying on domestic and international routes for business Substitute of other transportation channel. It also provide with a Time convenient travelling option for students (Yashodha, 2012). Geographical They are running airline service in almost all the parts of Asia. They have made flying a possible and reasonably priced option in travelling. They are also running various promotional tools which include Giving away of free seats during certain celebrations. This has helped the airliner in gaining a comp competition edge against other. AirAsias is pushing more concentration towards the airlines allowing people to focus on other options. The purpose behind the strategy is to generate great amount of cut-throat competition (Athirah, 2011). Psychographics The airline is very much vigilant on internet and promotes mostly through SMS. The consumers are technology savvy and are linked through social networks (Wong, 2014). They do understand the mindset of the consumer and build strategies accordingly Organizational Markets The company in order to hold the new market has to target on expanding its distribution and sales of its services. This will allow the airliner to gain the effective market strategies. They are focusing on Media organizations business hiring international citizens Travel packages offered by agencies. The Media organizations do carry out advertising shooting at international location. There are large group of people who are concerned in those tasks. By targeting travel agencies AirAsia can increase frequency of individual travellers to travelling to tour groups (Kotler, 2012). Positioning Strategy The company is following two levels of positional strategy. It primarily revolves around Re-positioning. The competitors are the other airliners who are the part of airlines industry. The Re-positioning strategy involves the airlines industry to be a low-cost carrier, reasonable, competent and without the frills flights. They are using the slogan Now everyone can fly. AirAsia positioning strategy is to De-position competitors. AirAsia budget airline mark out as a process to spread the idea that AirAsia regarding the affordability. They also communicate the idea that the aircraft are well-organized, active and provide better service. The goal is to De-position the brand name by increasing the demand of low-cost flights. Through this strategy they are able to reposition their competitors as substitute. They are also providing with an optional hotel bookings, packages that are customizable packages (Pungnirund, 2015). The company has a goal to produce effective outcome among the consumers. They only have to rely on one shortest source to arrange all the travel needs. They have association with the hotel chain which is giving them a competitive edge. Their expansion strategy in the South East Asia is changing the whole scenario. More routes are been added in order to increase the channel. Marketing Mix Product Strategies AirAsia is following a philosophy of proving the low fare and no frill prices for the period of 3 years. Over the year the company has gained more customers. They have developed the primary products and services to meet the customers expectations. They allow customers to travel on a low cost. Therefore, the hum is to generate products and services by competence and expediency such as online bookings. Their strategy is to create ease in the tourism industry. The organization is to create more opportunities in order to gain effective results. AirAsia is practicing higher frequency high traffic routes. The airline serves as a convenient form of commutation procedure in certain area. It has launched booking services to provide customer competence. The huge structural change in banking dynamics facilitates customers to pay for tickets via Credit Cards. It is helping in online transactions and verifications. Pricing Strategies AirAsias pricing strategy is to penetrate in the market through cost cutting. This will allow them to bring the fares at a low price. The low fare, no frills idea helped in effective customer handling. They have also diversified market through by providing on-site services. Promotion Strategies AirAsia is providing with a promotional strategy to generate positive consumer feedback in a cost-effective manner. The process of giving away of free seats and tickets is to generate awareness. AirAsia generates wonderful amounts of publicity with incessant promotional offers. The generous amount of diversification has helped the organization in creating world-wide attention. Being the low-cost airline the company is able to capture a current local market (Nair, et al 2012). Place Strategies The company has designed its strategy to enable itself to move away from traditional organizations. This strategy will allow in developing an effective placement services to rather than hassle free commutation. Recommendations The company has to join with Virgin Group. The company needs to put effort to develop a pan-Asian low cost airline serving Australia and New Zealand market. The joint venture will help Air Asia to cultivate in Asia. Similarly this will allow it to extend services in south-east Asia. They should introduce smart card to motivate ticketless booking. They can even offer two kinds of smart cards for ordinary travellers and business travellers. In additional they should cut down the additional charge. The ticket fee is low; but the price for other items like food and beverages are expensive. It is recommended to AirAsia to reassess its strategy in order to attract more customers. Gantt chart The GANTT CHART is based on 3 years divided into 4 quarters. The objective is to divide the research plan in a systematic way by dividing the time in a specific framework. This allow in developing a better understanding. Developing the research work in a definite way will allow in researching information in an appropriate way. It include division of research in 8 parts (Source: By Author) Conclusion The company is following a strategy that focus on everyone can fly. Their first choice is to create awareness among the people regarding the low cost airline. It allows everyone to have a mind-set that Air Asia is a very low fare airline. Moreover, Air Asia does an aggressive advertisement campaign to attract more customers. They are known globally as a well-known Organization. It further provides staff with a friendly environment so that their customer does not feel bored. The effective customer service is important aspects in gaining a competitive business strategy. To Conclude, Air Asia is the finest low cost airline to become successful in Malaysia. References Adapa, S. and Roy, S.K., 2017. Case Study 6: Malaysian Airlines Versus AirAsia: Customer Satisfaction, Service Quality and Service Branding. InServices Marketing Cases in Emerging Markets(pp. 67-75). Springer International Publishing. Ahmad, R., 2010. AirAsia.Asian Journal of Management Cases,7(1), pp.7-31. AirAsia Bhd (AIRA.KL). 2017. Online. Available at: https://in.reuters.com/finance/stocks/companyProfile?symbol=AIRA.KL Accessed on: 25 July 2017 Athirah, M.T., 2011.The Relationship Between Service Quality and Passengers Satisfaction: A Case of Air Asia Passengers(Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Utara Malaysia). Hamzah, A., 2004. Policy and planning of the tourism industry in Malaysia. InThe 6th. ADRF General Meeting. Hooi, L.H. and Smyth, R., 2006. Marketing" Malaysia welcomes the world": are Malaysia's tourism markets converging.Monash University Business and Economics, ABERU Discussion, Paper,26. Jafari, S.M. and Vasili, M., 2006, September. MARKET ENTRY OF A LOW COST CARRIER: THE EXPERIENCES AND IMPACTS OF AirAsia. International Marketing Management Conference. Jarach, D., 2017.Airport marketing: Strategies to cope with the new millennium environment. Routledge. Kotler, P., 2012.Rethinking marketing: Sustainable marketing enterprise in Asia. FT Press. Kumar, A. and Bosangit, C., 2014. Introduction to marketing communications and social media marketing. InMarketing cases from emerging markets(pp. 139-142). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Kurniawan, B., 2010. Factors affecting customer satisfaction in purchase Decision on ticket online: a case study in air Asia. Lee, C., 2014. Competition law enforcement in Malaysia: Some recent developments.Malaysian Journal of Economic Studies,51, p.77. Lee, K. and Carter, S., 2012.Global marketing management. Oxford University Press. Nair, S.K.S., Paulose, H., Palacios Fernndez, M. and Tafur Segura, J.J., 2012. Identifying the core competence as a key requirement for business model innovation. The case of Airlines as a service industry. Nathan, R.J., Chiun, D.C.F. and Suki, N.M., 2017. An Online Marketing Strategies Assessment for Companies in Airlines and Entertainment Industries in Malaysia. InHandbook of Research on Leveraging Consumer Psychology for Effective Customer Engagement(pp. 1-15). IGI Global. Nopakhun, S. and Assenov, I., LOW-COST AIRLINES IN THAILAND: DIFFERENTIATION OR PRICE COMPETITION?.Welcome Message, p.82. Ong, W.L. and Tan, A.K., 2010. A note on the determinants of airline choice: The case of Air Asia and Malaysia Airlines.Journal of Air Transport Management,16(4), pp.209-212. Organizational structure, 2017. Online. Available at: https://www.airasia.com/my/en/about-us/ir-organizational-structure.page Accessed on: 25 July 2017 Poh, L.S. and Mohayidin, M.G.B., Competitiveness Pricing Strategies of Low Cost Airlines. Pungnirund, B., 2015. The Relationship of the Marketing Mix, Brand Image and Consumer Behavior of the Low-Cost Airline Service.World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic, Business and Industrial Engineering,9(12), pp.4149-4153. Razak, M.Z.B.A., Ilias, A. and Rahman, R.A., 2009. Differentiation strategies of internet retailing (unique, value and return): A focused web evaluation into airline service provider.International Business Research,2(2), p.40. Shuk-Ching Poon, T. and Waring, P., 2010. The lowest of low-cost carriers: the case of AirAsia.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,21(2), pp.197-213. Somwang, C., 2008. An Assessment of Passengers' View of Service Quality in Thai Low Cost Carriers.RU Int J,2(1). Wong, W.M., 2014. AirAsia's Application of the'Thirty-Six Stratagems'.Undergraduate Research Journal for the Human Sciences,13(1). Yadav, J.P., " MARKETING STRATEGIES OF FULL SERVICE AIRLINES AND ITS EFFECT ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY. Yashodha, Y., 2012. Air Asia Berhad: Strategic analysis of a leading low cost carrier in the Asian region.Elixir International Journal, pp.11164-11171